The Indian sub-continent is prone to the
occurrences of chronic Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) or Kalaazar, and geographical
distribution of disease is endemic in the states of Bihar, West Bengal, Uttar
Pradesh, Jharkhand, Delhi, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Kerala in India.
The world distribution of Kala-azar chronic
cases occurring in the countries, such as, Brazil, India,
Nepal, Bangladesh and Sudan, and the 90% of the disease has been mainly
affected the children of below 9-15 years old, and it has been causing 50%
of the cases turn to become deaths incidents occurred annually in India.
Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), a chronic disease
caused by Leishmania donovani parasites is transmitted by female phlebotomine
sandfly, Phlebotomous argentipes. It has been claimed heavy death toll of human
lives in South-east Asia, especially in India.
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