Utility of Large Scale Photogrammetric Techniques for 3-D Mapping and Precision Iron Ore Mining in Open Pit Areas

Precision mining and optimization of ore mining practise are gaining more importance as the global demand and competition for exploring the raw mineral material has grown manifold with increased industrialization world-wide.

The overall process of mining activity involves ore identification, estimation, planning, excavation, transportation etc. The activity requires accurate mapping, monitoring and proper management of information pertaining to ore stockpile, mining pits and infrastructure of the areas on a regular basis.

Of late, advancements in remote sensing techniques have paved a way for digital management of the mining activity.

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Waste Water Treatment by Environmental Microbiology

Even formerly the discovery of the life of microorganisms, human being produced fermented foods. Also degrading activity of microorganisms has been used in human waste, which is naturally biodegradable.

However, for large-scale treatment, human being had to devise artificial processes of competition degrading activity of naturally occurring microorganisms.

Microbiologists, engineers and chemists have worked hand in hand in this regard, now we know that for biodegradable materials, other than human waste, the process is also true. These biological systems for waste management belong to one of the largest area for biotechnological applications.

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Subsurface Layers Modeling and Ground Water Studies in Kivi Plain by Geoelectric

 Kivi Plainis located in the northeastern city of Kiviin Ardabil province. Due to the large number of villages in the desert and its people engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry, Study of ground water to determination of the optimal location of wells is important.

In this regard, geoelectric technique was used for studies of groundwater quality and quantity of Kivi plain. In this research, the resolution of the subsurface layers, detection of saturated zone, determination of basement, detection of the general direction of groundwater and changes of resistivity in sounding points and profiles have been studied.

The number of 196 vertical electrical sounding on nine profiles and the number of 9 sounding in variety points and in vicinity of exploratory wells by schlumberger array in the study area have been taken.

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Assessment of the Impacts of Sea Level Rise on Mangrove Dynamics in the Indian Part of Sundarbans Using Geospatial Techniques

The intertidal mangrove ecosystem of Indian Sundarban is now as a critical ecosystem due to climate changeinduced sea level rise. The present study analyses the responses, migration, destruction and vulnerability of the four deltaic mangrove ecosystem, such as Jambudwip, Bulcherry, Dalhousie and Bangaduni Islands along the ocean sides.

The changes in this deltaic ecosystem studied by using GIS and remote sensing with collecting data about sea level of nearest tidal gauge station Haldia (2.59 ± 1.0 mm/year) and Diamond Harbor (4.67 ± 0.68 mm/year).

The study finds that if the sea level rises about mangrove surface, the mangrove retreats landward and also decline the land areas, increases soil erosion that affected in the southern and south-western part where these vulnerable mangrove islands are located.

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The Generation of Mega Glacial Meltwater Floods and Their Geologic Impact

A mechanism is presented explaining how mega meltwater avalanches could be generated on the surface of a continental ice sheet. It is shown that during periods of excessive climatic warmth when the continental ice sheet surface was melting at an accelerated rate, self-amplifying, translating waves of glacial meltwater emerge as a distinct mechanism of meltwater transport.

It is shown that such glacier waves would have been capable of attaining kinetic energies per kilometer of wave front equivalent to 12 million tons of TNT, to have achieved heights of 100 to 300 meters, and forward velocities as great as 900 km/hr.

Glacier waves would not have been restricted to a particular locale, but could have been produced wherever continental ice sheets were present. Catastrophic floods produced by waves of such size and kinetic energy would be able to account for the character of the permafrost deposits found in Alaska and Siberia, flood features and numerous drumlin field formations seen in North America.

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Gelechiid Moths from the Islands of Peter the Great Gulf (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae): Preliminary Faunistic Analysis

The comparative faunistic analysis of species diversity of family Gelechiidae in Islands of Peter the Great Gulf and in neighboring continental territories is made.

The island fauna turned out depleted because of small size of islands, limited landscape diversity and impossibility of active moth migration due to their weak flying abilities.

However the concentration of species diversity in islands is almost two orders of magnitude larger than that in continental part. The proportion of Gelechiid groups with certain type of geographic range in islands is similar to that in continental part, that is treated by recent their isolation.

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Phytoremediation for Hazardous Liquid Industrial Waste Using Six Famous Trees Species

Metal concentrations in soils are locally quite high in Kuwait due to many reasons such as massive oil spills during the gulf war in 1991 as well as direct dump for untreated sewage and hydrocarbon.

Phytoremediation may offer a possible solution to this problem because it treats the soils through the use of plants even without the demand of removing the contaminated material and disposing it elsewhere.

This research project focused on the best contribution of phytoremediating the area between six types of plant tree species collected (Conocarpus, Tamarix, Phoenix, Rhamnus, Vitex agnus-castus and Salix) from Wafra 14 Km area and another six reference trees from the same plant species collected for correlation from South Khitan and Rigee areas. The samples divided into three sample categories (leaves, stem, and soil).

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Human Hair: A Biodegradable Composite Fiber A Review

Biological fibers have recently became eye-catching to researchers, engineers and scientists as an alternative reinforcement for FRP (fiber reinforced polymer) composites, due to their low cost, fairly good mechanical properties and high aspect strength.

One of the immaculate biological fibers is the human hair. On the whole, three to four tons of human hair fibers are wasted in India annually; hence they pose an environmental challenge.

In order to find commercial application the wasted human hair fibre is nowadays finding its use in the field of material science. Human hair is basically a nano-composite biological fiber with well characterized microstructures.

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Seasonal Variation of Water Quality Parameters of Zobe Reservoir Dutsinma Katsina State, Nigeria

Study was conducted on the physico-chemical water properties of Zobe reservor Dutsinma, Katsina State Nigeria. Water samples were collected from four different sample stations i.e., Makera, Badole, Garhi and Bagaggadi respectively, for the period of one year (May 2015 to April 2016).

Samples for Conductivity, pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Temperature, Alkalinity, Turbidity, Hardness, Chloride, and Nitrate were collected during the morning hours, between 7:00 am to 9:00 am.

The result showed variations in the monthly mean values of all the water quality parameters tested. The water is too turbid most especially during the beginning of raining season, despite this variation some of the values were within the tolerable range of the majority of tropical fresh water fish species. But the water cannot be used for domestic use unless it undergoes intensive treatment.

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